广东省广州市2021-2022学年高一下学期英语期末综合测评卷第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforscience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognisedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.MaryandherfathercollectedfossilsintheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletonsofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedonearth.Shedidn’tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatravelledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeforchemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.1.MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento.A.researchanimalsandtheirbonesB.studythemysteryofallkindsofplantsC.wintheNobelPrizeforscienceaftergettingmarriedD.makeachievementsinthestudyoftheancienthistoryoftheearth2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?A.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.B.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.C.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.D.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1903onherown.3.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Differentprizes.B.Ancientdiscoveries.C.Womenscientists.D.Successfulmarriages.BOverthenext20years,wearegoingtosendmoreandbetterrobotstoMars.Thoserobotswillsendbackbetterpictures,maps,samples,andweatherreports.Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.BeforepeoplecanvisitMars,weneedtoinventaspaceshipthatcantakeusthere.Marsisveryfaraway.DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbits(轨道)aroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.Themoonismuchcloser,andwewerethere,25yearsago.Overthenext10years,wearegoingtoworkonbuildinganewspacecraftthatcangotothemoon.Usingthiscraft,wewillpractisetheskillsweneedtogotoMars.Oncewegettothemoon,wearegoingtobuildastationsothatpeoplecanliveandworkonthemoonformonthsatatime.ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars,butitisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.Bythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeanastronaut,wewillhavepeoplespendingmonthsonthemoon.BythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeacommanderofaspacemissionwewillbetakingtripstoMars.Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.Wouldn’titbecooltogetapostcardfromsomeonewhowasbuildingahouseonMars?Wouldn’titbecoolerifitwasyouwhosentthepostcard?4.WeeventuallyhavetosendpeopletoMarsbecause_________.A.thepicturesthatrobotshavesentbackarenotveryclearB.robotscan’ttellusallwewanttoknowC.robotsarecontrolledbyushumansD.thesamplesrobotshavesen...