小学英语语法知识英语动词4种时态:1、一般现在时:常与表示程度或频度的词连用,如:often(经常),usually(通常,一般),sometimes(有时),always(总是,一直),never(从不),表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示现在的特征或状态,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示,第三人称单数后,动词要在词尾加s(或es,或变y为i再加es)。如:Ioftengetupat7:00.Heoftengetsupat7:30.2、现在进行时:表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。用am/is/are加动词ing形式表示,如:Whatareyoudoing?Iamreadingabook.Whatishedoing?Heissinging.3、一般将来时:常与表示将来的时间连用,如:tomorrow,nextweek,nextyear等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。用am/is/are加goingto形式表示,如:Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?I’mgoingtorideahorse.用will加动词原形表示,如:WhatwillyoudonextSunday?Iwillgoshopping.用am/is/are加动词ing形式表示,如:Whatareyoudoingtomorrow?I’mgoingbowling.4、一般过去时:经常与表示过去的时间连用,如:yesterday,lastnight等,表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如:Whowasfirst?Kenwasfirst.Wherewereyouyesterday?Iwasathome.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Iwenttoschool.形容词的比较级和最高级:1、单音节词:比较级加er,最高级加est.如:tall—taller—thetallest,Heistallerthanhisbrother.Tomisthetallestinhisclass.2、多音节词和部分双音节词:比较级加more,最高级加themost.如:interesting---------moreinteresting---------themostinteresting,Musicisinterestingsubject.P.E.ismoreinterestingthanmusic..Scienceisthemostinterestingsubject.形容词变为比较级的变化规则:(1)一般情况下,在形容词的词尾直接加er。如:tall—tallershort—shorter.(2)以字母e结尾的形容词,在词尾直接加r,如:nice—nicer.late—later(3)以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加er.如:big—biggerthin—thinnerfat—fatter(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词,先变y为i,再加er。如:easy—easierheavy—heavierfunny—funnier.(2)、部分形容词比较级的不规则变化:good—betterwell—betterbad—worsebadly—worsemany—moremuch—morelittle—lessfar—farther动词ing的变化规律:1)直接加ing,如:open-opening,clean-cleaning,meet-meeting,sing-singing,study-studying,…2)去掉词尾不发音的e,如:take-taking,close-closing,come-coming,drive-driving,have-having,use-using,write-writing,practice-小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.compracticing,…3)重读闭音节的,双写最后的字母,加ing,如:sit-sitting,put-putting,begin-beginning,get-getting,swim-swimming,run-running,cut-cutting,become-becoming,…主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同):1)直接加s,如:cook-cooks,come-comes,close-closes,…2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:teach-teaches,go-goes,do-does,catch-catches,wash-washes,brush-brushes,miss-misses,…3)辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i,+es,如:fly-flies,worry-worries,carry-carries,…4)以f或fe结尾,把f或fe,改为v+es.5)特殊:have-has,…6)家庭、亲属和朋友:姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好:与你的关系words:family,grandfather(grandpa/granddad),grandmother(grandma/grandmum),father,mother,brother,sister,uncle,aunt,cousin,friend相关句型:1)Ishe/sheTom’scousin?Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’t.2)Who’she/she?He’s/She’smyfriend.3)Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?Whoarethey?Therearefour,myfather,mymother,mybrotherandme.注意:1)名词单复数,如:family-families;名词单数--复数规律:(1)1)直接加s,如:boy-boys,term-terms,2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:box-boxes,class-classes,glass-glasses,coach-coaches,dress-dresses,fax-faxes,inch-inches,match-matches,3)辅音...