目标导航知识精讲小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com06Discoveringusefulstructures【核心词汇】survivaln.生存;幸存;幸存事物(材教p.17)We'lllearnsurvivalskills.我们将要学习生存技能。(1)survivevi.生存;存活vt.幸存;度艰难过survivesth.幸免于;从……中挺过来/活下来surviveon依靠……生存下来AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长(……)(2)survivorn.幸存者;生者还[佳句]Muchtoourjoy,allofthe20peoplewereabletosurvivethefire,whichbroughtgreatcomforttotheirfamilies.使我们非常高兴的是,20个人全部在火灾中幸免于难,这给他们的家人带来了巨大的宽慰。[练透]单句语法填空①Howdoesthefamilysurviveonsuchasmallmonthlywage?②AsfarasIknow,theoldladysurvivedherhusbandby5years.小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive).[写美]句式升级④Aftershehadsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.→Havingsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(分作词状语)[点津]survive表示“幸免于难”时,是及物,其后不需要加介动词词in或from。【语法解析】1.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.2.Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.3.First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.4.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI'mgoodatit.5.Themainpurposeofthecourseistohelpimproveeachstudent'sreadingability.[我的发现](1)句1中名词短语areallybigchallenge在句中作表语;(2)句2中形容词短语alittleconfusing在句中作表语;(3)句3中副词短语verycarefully在句中作状语;(4)句4中名词短语advancedliterature在句中作宾语;(5)句5中名词短语themainpurposeofthecourse在句中作主语。一、名词短语(NounPhrase或NP)英语中,短语有很多种类型,其中名词短语最为重要,它是英语造句中不可或缺的元素。1.定义:名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。2.句法功能(1)名词短语在句中充当主语。Theseredrosesareforyou.这些红玫瑰是送给你的。(2)名词短语在句中充当宾语。Ihavethreeclosefriends.我有三个要好的朋友。(3)名词短语在句中充当表语。Heismybestfriend.小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com他是我最好的朋友。(4)名词短语在句中充当宾语补足语。Weconsiderhimagoodteacher.我们认为他是一位好老师。[即时演练一]写出下列句子中画线的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分,并注意其组成。①Theseideasmayseemstrangetoyou.作主语②Weloveourgreatmotherlandverymuch.作宾语③Themanwearingablackcoatisourteacher.作表语④ThosebeautifulflowerscomefromYunnan.作主语⑤Wemadehimcapitalofourteam.作宾语补足语⑥Hegotthreegoldmedalsatthe23rdOlympicGames.作宾语⑦Thetallbuildingwasbuiltlastyear.作主语[点津](1)名词短语在句中作名词用,一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。(2)名词短语由“(限定词)+(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)”组成。(3)限定词包括冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,those等)、形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,our,their,its等)和不定代词(some,no,neither,both等)。二、形容词短语(AdjectivePhrase或AdjP)1.定义:由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。2.组成(1)两个或多个形容词由and或but等连接构成形容词短语。Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.你的房间又大又漂亮。(2)very等程度副词作修饰语,可与形容词构成形容词短语。Itisveryhottoday.今天很热。(3)介词及其宾语可...