小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com第一学期期末试题高二英语第一部分知识运用(共25分)第一节完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)“Wedidn’treallyfindagoodrolemodelofanycountrydoingthingssustainably,”saysDanielO’NeillattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.“Weneedtodothingsinacompletelydifferentwayifwearetohaveanyhopeofachievingagoodlifeforallpeopleontheplanet.”O’Neillandhiscolleagues___1___eachcountry’ssustainabilitybyaddinguphowitused,producedoraffectedseventhings.Thesewerewater,phosphorus,nitrogen,carbondioxideemissions,landusechange,ecologicalfootprintandmaterialconsumption.Theteamalsoused11measurestoassesswhethercitizenshadgoodlives.Somewerebasicneedsorexpectationslikenutrition,accesstoenergyandlonglifeexpectancy.Theothers___2___socialstability,likeincome,education,equality,socialsupportandemploymentprospects.A(n)idealcountrywouldscorezeroforresourceovershootand11forcitizenwell-being:everyone’sneedswouldbemetandnonaturalresourcesdestroyed.Richcountriesovershoottheirlimitstofeedtheirlifestyles.“TheUSAtransgresses(超越)allsevenplanetaryboundaryindicators,but…scoresrelatively___3___onthesocialtargets,achievingnineoutof11,”saysteammemberJuliaSteinbergerattheUniversityofLeeds.TheUKdid___4___breakingfiveboundaries,butreachingeightsocialtargets.“Theycouldbedescribedas‘well-offover-consumers’,”shesays.However,SouthAfricatransgressesthesamenaturalboundariesastheUK,but___5___onlyonesocialtarget:nutrition.Itisa“dysfunctionalover-consumer”,saysSteinberger,“becauseitsconsumptiondoesn’tseemtoresultinabetterlife”Somepoorcountries,likeMalawiandSenegal,keepwithinplanetary-boundaries,butreachnoneofthesocialtargets.Afewcountriesarebetteratbalancingwell-beingand___6___.TheyincludeSriLanka-whichgoesbeyondnonaturallimits-VietnamandMoldova.___7___,nonemeetsallthewell-beingtargets.“The___8___providesacriticalreminderofthetremendouschallengefacinghumanity,”saysJohanRockstromofStockholmUniversityinSweden.“Wecannolongerbalancethatsimplylettingthemarketdecidewhatisbestforuswillleadtoanythingbutdisaster,”saysSteinberger.O’Neill’steamsayspoorercountriesshould___9___basicneeds,whichcanbemetwithoutovershooting小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.comlimits.Citizensofrichcountriesshouldrethinkwhattheyneed.“Lifesatisfaction”scoresimprovedonlymarginallyforeveryecologicallimitbroken,soscalingbackonluxuriescouldhavebigenvironmentalbenefits.“Someofthestrongestdeterminantsoflifesatisfactionaregoodhealth;strongfamilyandcommunityrelationships;economicsecurityintheformofemploymentorhigherincomes;andrelativeratherthanabsolute____10____withrespecttotherestofone’ssociety,”saysSteinberger.“There’salotwecanlearnabouthowtomovetolowermaterialformsoflifesatisfaction.”1.A.keptB.criticisedC.praisedD.rated2.A.endangeredB.promotedC.reflectedD.changed3.A.highlyB.lowlyC.disappointinglyD.unexpectedly4.A.wellB.similarlyC.creativelyD.otherwise5.A.missesB.cancelsC.setsD.achieves6.A.reliabilityB.independenceC.sustainabilityD.productivity7.A.InitiallyB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.However8.A.descriptionB.analysisC.balanceD.limitation9.A.discoverB.prioritiseC.neglectD.monitor10.A.harmonyB.securityC.healthD.wealth【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B5.D6.C7.D8.B9.B10.D第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,...